Where ℛ is the Rydberg constant, h is Planck’s constant, c is the speed of light, and n is a positive integer corresponding to the number assigned to the orbit, with n = 1 corresponding to the orbit closest to the nucleus. In 1885, a Swiss mathematics teacher, Johann Balmer (1825–1898), showed that the frequencies of the lines observed in the visible region of the spectrum of hydrogen fit a simple equation that can be expressed as follows: If a hydrogen atom could have any value of energy, then a continuous spectrum would have been observed, similar to blackbody radiation. Thus the energy levels of a hydrogen atom had to be quantized in other words, only states that had certain values of energy were possible, or allowed. ![]() Part of the explanation is provided by Planck’s equation ( Equation 6.5): the observation of only a few values of λ (or ν) in the line spectrum meant that only a few values of E were possible. Such emission spectra were observed for many other elements in the late 19th century, which presented a major challenge because classical physics was unable to explain them. (b) When the light emitted by a sample of excited hydrogen atoms is split into its component wavelengths by a prism, four characteristic violet, blue, green, and red emission lines can be observed, the most intense of which is at 656 nm. (a) A sample of excited hydrogen atoms emits a characteristic red light. With sodium, however, we observe a yellow color because the most intense lines in its spectrum are in the yellow portion of the spectrum, at about 589 nm.įigure 6.9 The Emission of Light by Hydrogen Atoms The light emitted by hydrogen atoms is red because, of its four characteristic lines, the most intense line in its spectrum is in the red portion of the visible spectrum, at 656 nm. ![]() When the emitted light is passed through a prism, only a few narrow lines, called a line spectrum A spectrum in which light of only a certain wavelength is emitted or absorbed, rather than a continuous range of wavelengths., are seen ( Figure 6.9 "The Emission of Light by Hydrogen Atoms"), rather than a continuous range of colors. Unlike blackbody radiation, the color of the light emitted by the hydrogen atoms does not depend greatly on the temperature of the gas in the tube. For example, when a high-voltage electrical discharge is passed through a sample of hydrogen gas at low pressure, the resulting individual isolated hydrogen atoms caused by the dissociation of H 2 emit a red light. Although objects at high temperature emit a continuous spectrum of electromagnetic radiation ( Figure 6.6 "Relationship between the Temperature of an Object and the Spectrum of Blackbody Radiation It Emits"), a different kind of spectrum is observed when pure samples of individual elements are heated.
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![]() ![]() If I land on the downsized square and I do not have enough cash on hand, can I sell my stock to the bank for the price at which it was purchased? May I borrow the money from the bank?Ī: You may not sell your stock to the bank. It is as if you have a property manager who handles the property for you, collects the rents, pays the expenses including the related mortgage and then sends you the balance each month (assuming it is +). The mortgage payment is calculated in determining the ROI and the monthly cash flow. Is this amount the net amount after the mortgage payment or do I have to calculate a mortgage loan payment? Can I pay off a real estate mortgage on an investment property and then increase my passive income?Ī: Real estate mortgages cannot be paid off on investment properties in CASHFLOW® 101. When I purchase real estate, there is a cash flow amount stated on the card (plus or minus). Please note: You'd have to be registered as a free community member to gain access. You can also play CASFHLOW the Web game absolutely free on the website. By inviting your friends to join you in playing CASHFLOW®, your learning experience will be heightened by the interaction of your group. Better interaction occurs when 3 to 6 people are playing. How many people can play CASHFLOW? Can I play on my own?Ī: CASHFLOW® was designed to be played by more than one player. The Rich Dad Company is not responsible for these charges added on by customs. ![]() Q: Where can I find the instructions for CASHFLOW? Is there a PDF format?Ī: Send a request to I was charged additional fees on my international shipment, why?Ī: International shipments are subject to additional duties and taxes fess placed on by customs. More information can be found at Google Groups.įor specific questions about how Google Groups work, please contact Google Help Center.įor general questions about CASHFLOW Clubs, please contact Where can I find Financial Resources for Teachers? If leaders would like to list their CASHFLOW Club with Google Groups, you will need to create a Google account (if you don't have one already). If you are interested in attending a club that plays the CASHFLOW game and teaches the Rich Dad message, you may find a club by searching for the words " CASHFLOW club" at. To learn more about our CASHFLOW Clubs, go here. As a CASHFLOW Club leader, Google Groups has the reach to broaden the presence of your club and connect you to others in an even larger growing community environment. This new and expanding technology allows you to find a CASHFLOW Club near you. Q: What’s the age range to play CASHFLOW FOR KIDS?Ī: CASFHLOW FOR KIDS is recommended for kids ages 8-10.Ī: If you are interested in either attending or leading a CASHFLOW Club, Rich Dad suggests that you use Google Groups. Q: How much does the CASHFLOW FOR KIDS, 101 & 202 cost?Ī: To check the prices on all of our products, click on the “Store” tab. It says “log in failed”Ī: Send an email to to have your account checked and password reset. The game banner will be at the top.Ī: You can change your password by clicking on the profile button located next to your name when you log in or you can email with your request. A: Log in to your account and click on Resources. ![]() Peel worked the game with referee Kelly Sutherland. "It wasn't much, but I wanted to get a (expletive) penalty against Nashville early in the,'' the unidentified official was heard saying before the audio cut off. The NHL determined it was Peel's voice on the TV broadcast of the Predators home game against the Detroit Red Wings on Tuesday night after Nashville forward Viktor Arvidsson was issued a minor tripping penalty five minutes into the second period. NHL vice-president of hockey operations Colin Campbell said "nothing is more important than ensuring the integrity of our game'' and that Peel's conduct "is in direct contradiction to the adherence to that cornerstone principle that we demand from our officials and that of our fans, players, coaches and all those associated with our game expect and deserve.'' It's just human nature to maybe look for the team that's down, but it seems to happen all the time.'' I don't believe that that's how they go about it. "It seems to always get a power play, the team that's behind. "Watch what happens at the end of games,'' said Carolina coach Rod Brind'Amour, a former centre who played more than 1,600 NHL games. The 54-year-old Peel had planned to retire next month, but his early exit sparked discussion across the league about the approach and mindset of officials tracking the games. ![]() Peel will "no longer will be working NHL games now or in the future,'' the league said. It's possible that it was Forsberg responding, "Yeah, I know," in the clip, which would suggest that he wasn't necessarily outraged, but Duchene seems to speak for the Predators, and most people, when saying that the game should just be called as it is.The NHL announced Wednesday that Tim Peel's career as a league referee is over after he was picked up by a TV microphone saying he wanted to give the Nashville Predators a penalty, an incident that put the notion of "make-up'' calls squarely in the spotlight. We were watching and we were like, 'what the heck was that? That wasn't even close to a penalty.'" ![]() If one team is earning power plays, you can't punish them because they're (playing well) and the other team is not. That could happen, right? I have always been frustrated when I see even-up calls like that. "Imagine the scenario where they score on that power play and we lose the game and miss the playoffs by one point. "That just can't happen," Duchene said, calling Peel's actions "bizarre." Predators centre Matt Duchene was asked about the incident on an appearance with Robby and Rexrode on ESPN 102.5 The Game on Wednesday morning, revealing that Peel directed the message heard on the hot mic straight to the team's bench. Kelly Sutherland was Peel's officiating partner in the game, but it appears that the explanation was directed at the Predators themselves, and more specifically forward Filip Forsberg, instead of another official. The NHL is just entering partnerships with gaming services and sportsbooks, and protecting the integrity of the game and impartiality of the officials is of utmost importance, especially when exploring that space. Whatever Peel's intentions were - whether it was to even up the calls or give the hapless Red Wings a fighting chance - this sort of manipulation shouldn't happen at all, but certainly can't be confessed out loud. It's worth noting that Peel, a veteran of more than 1,300 games, was weeks away from refereeing his last game, with plans to retire by the end of the season. There is no justification for his comments, no matter the context or his intention, and the National Hockey League will take any and all steps necessary to protect the integrity our game." “Tim Peel’s conduct is in direct contradiction to the adherence to that cornerstone principle that we demand of our officials and that our fans, players, coaches and all those associated with our game expect and deserve. “Nothing is more important than ensuring the integrity of our game,” NHL senior vice president of hockey operations Colin Campbell said in a release. Referee Tim Peel no longer will be working NHL games now or in the future. From Pro-Line bodies to high-quality Traxxas painted bodies, you’ll find many options to choose from when doing upgrades or scale builds. Custom RC Body Kits, Parts & Accessoriesįind RC car body kits and accessories at discount prices every time you shop with RC Superstore. Those who really want to customize their vehicles might consider a host of other additional scale accessories that can make RC trucks look even more like the real thing. You may also not be able to find the wide variety of colors you can when working with this kind of purpose-made paint that’s specifically designed with remote control model enthusiasts in mind. While you might be tempted to use standard consumer-grade spray paint, this is often a bad idea since the compounds in it could be harmful to the special plastic polymers they use when making RC truck shells. ![]() Tamiya’s paint products for Lexan bodies have always been popular with those who want to give their vehicles the best possible coating. Consider the Hawaiian painted body for your Traxxas Rustler or Slash if you’re ever in the mood to stand out. Others are somewhat fantastical creations that look like little more than a splash of color. It looks just like a 1966 off-road monster truck, which in many ways predates the advent of modern monster trucks. Some of these are designed to look like classic vehicles, such as the Pro-Line Ford F-100 body for Traxxas Stampede. Take one look at the collection of RC truck bodies available to you, and you’ll quickly find that the body design engineers have been very busy. ![]() RC car bodies and paint can assist with the image. ![]() Take advantage of RC truck bodies and create your own monster truck with personalized touches or simply upgrade your ride with a unique paint job.ĭo you have a favorite real-life race team or sponsor? Feel free to find the right kind of paint and other accoutrements you need to put together a vehicle that looks just like the one from your favorite team.įor that matter, you might want to experiment a little and create your own custom fantasy designs that might never make it in the prototype, but can rule the track in your own world. RC Superstore is a leading provider of remote control cars, parts, accessories, body kits and much more. If you enjoy creating and customizing your own remote control vehicles, you will find everything you need with RC Superstore, including bodies and paint. ![]() The ultralight community is expected to take positive action to develop these programs in a timely manner and gain FAA approval for their implementation. The FAA has chosen not to promulgate Federal regulations regarding pilot certification, vehicle certification, and vehicle registration, preferring that the ultralight community assume the initiative for the development of these important safety programs. Right-of-way and minimum visibility rules are also established. The rule governs the operation of ultralight vehicles by specifying the airspace which requires prior authorization of Air Traffic Control (ATC), prohibiting operation over congested areas, and providing for operations during twilight hours with proper lighting. These rules for ultralight vehicles are needed to achieve an acceptable level of air safety by reducing potential conflict with other airspace users and to provide protection to persons and property on the ground. Those vehicles which exceed the above criteria will be considered aircraft for purposes of airworthiness certification and registration, and their operators will be subject to the same certification requirements as are aircraft operators. Both powered and unpowered ultralight vehicles are limited to a single occupant. gallons of fuel must have a maximum speed of not more than 55 knots and must have a poweroff stall speed of no more than 24 knots. To be considered an ultralight vehicle, a hang glider must weigh less than 155 pounds while a powered vehicle must weigh less than 254 pounds is limited to 5 U.S. The rule defines ultralight vehicles in two categories: powered and unpowered. SUMMARY: This amendment establishes rules governing the operation of ultralight vehicles in the United States. They will not be held liable for injury to unauthorised visitors where there is no opportunity to communicate.īased on this, farmers should be encouraged to allow access to their land without being unreasonably concerned about their liability.Adopted: July 30,1982 Effective: October 4,1982 (Published in 47 FR 38770, September 2,1982) If the owner or occupier could not reasonably have been expected to know of a hazard, they cannot be held responsible for any harm that occurs to a recreational visitor.įarm owners or managers have a general duty to ensure risks are identified, managed and communicated to visitors, either by themselves or by workers or contractors working on the farm. If a visitor trips over a tree-root or stone, a farm owner or manager won’t be held responsible for the other person’s carelessness. If there are explicit farm rules, for example around speed or wearing of protective gear, farm owners or managers and their workers are entitled to request that visitors obey these. Natural features like bluffs, landslides, rivers and wasp nests are excluded, along with hazards you would expect to find as part of a farm operation, such as barbed wire and electric fences. This obligation relates only to parts of the farm that visitors will be accessing – there is no need to warn visitors about hazards that are not on or near a route they will be using. When recreational visitors enter a workplace or a place near a workplace with the farm owner’s or manager’s consent, the owners or managers and their workers have a duty to ensure the safety of the visitors from work-related hazards that place them at risk of harm.Īs the people in charge of the workplace, the farm owner or manager and their workers have an obligation to ensure visitors are warned of any specific hazards on the farm that they would not normally expect to encounter, such as tree-felling, blasting, earthmoving machinery or pest control activities. The obligations of farm owners or managers towards recreational visitors do not differ substantially from those under the former Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992. This site has useful information to address that relevant quote from the site is below. There may be concern from farmers about their obligations under the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015. ![]()
![]() The Everyday search app is f ree to download and works on all Windows versions, including Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 10, and more. ![]() While this feature only works on local PC networks, it can be useful in small offices and homes. Additionally, the app lets users rename multiple files in one go, change extensions, and modify the text stored within folders and files.Īnother advanced feature available in the Everyday app is that it lets users connect to HTTP, ETP, or FTP protocol servers to conduct searches remotely. Thanks to this functionality, you can input complex searches into the search bar and expect instant results. In addition to letting you search using keywords and applying filters, the Everyday app for Windows remembers your past searches. Although this does take up a lot of system memory, it helps in getting faster results when you use the available filters and sorters. During this process, the tool adds certain attributes to all the files available. Once launched, the Everyday search app creates an index of all the folders and files stored on your desktop. While you can’t write long sentences in the search bar, entering a few phrases will give results. This makes searching for files a lot easier, as you don’t have to particularly remember the name of the document you wish to find. One of the most prominent features of the Everyday app for Windows is that it lets users search data via keywords. What are the features of the Everything app? However, if you use a filter or sort the results, it may take longer. If you run a simple search, you will get the results in real-time. These include options for the file name, size, path, date of creation, last modified date, last access time, and other attributes. While the search page shows various filters and sorters, the results page shows several different fields. The time taken for this will depend on the number of folders and files available on your desktop. ![]() As soon as you run the Everything search app, it will create an index of all the files and folders available on your PC. This window is split into two sections - one for search and the other for results. Once you complete the Everything app download, you will come across the app’s primary interface. To make things easier, the software provides various filters, sorters, and a user-friendly interface. It only takes a few seconds to locate data from an unorganized storage space. Everything is an easy-to-use search application that can help you find any file or folder stored on your Windows computer. ![]() ![]() Most larger communities had can-makers at this time and it was a slow and laborious process which led many to to try their hands at developing automated can making equipment. Suffice to say, many of the hand made cans of the late 1800s are rather crude in form and neatness. We don’t know what these cans looked like, but we can be sure that they were hand made by a tinware maker who rolled or folded the sheet metal into shape and hand soldered all the seams. This ad from the Manchester Journal in 1873 even advertised for “hermetically sealed cans” of maple syrup. The industry shift from maple sugar to maple syrup was fairly gradual, but was well on it is way in the 1870s and 1880s.Īdvertisement from the 1870s do tell us that merchants were selling maple syrup readily packaged in one gallon and half gallon cans. In addition maple sugar was being underpriced by the more popular refined white cane sugar, leading the maple industry to refocus its attention and production on maple syrup as different and unique from table sugar. ![]() The manufacture and use of metal cans for preserving and transporting foods and liquids dates back to the early part of the 1800s, but it wasn’t until after the American Civil War that production of metal food canisters became efficient and affordable enough for most food industries to begin to package their products into smaller sizes more convenient for purchase for home consumption. Most maple syrup today is packaged into clear glass bottles or plastic jugs, but back in the day when the maple industry was shifting from making mostly maple sugar to maple syrup and maple syrup was being promoted as a condiment to pour over foods, metal cans were the standard method of packaging for direct sale to a consumer. ![]() The main drawback is that a calculator presumes a consistent rate of return, which may not reflect the actual market conditions. While an SIP calculator provides valuable insights, it is important to note its limitations. It may increase or decrease, which may impact the estimated returns. *However, do keep in mind that the rate of interest on Mutual Funds change as per market conditions. Hence, in one year, you will receive approximately ₹12,809 The rate of return per month would be 12%/12 = 1/100=0.01 You are investing ₹1,000 per month for 12 months at a periodic rate of interest of 12%
![]() ![]() There are several different types of arthritis that can affect your knee and cause posterior knee pain: Symptoms include a dull ache behind your kneecap (patella) that may worsen when climbing the stairs or after sitting for a long time, difficulty moving your knee along its full range, weakness or giving way of your knee, and a cracking or grinding feeling when bending or straightening your knee.Īrthritis causes inflammation of your joints due to the cartilage in your knee wearing away. Common causes include injuries, wear and tear with age, overuse and arthritis. It can be strained if it is overstretched and if enough pressure is applied it can tear in two.Īlongside posterior knee pain, symptoms include swelling, stiffness and weakness of the knee, as well as difficulty walking.Ĭhondromalacia occurs when the cartilage in your knee wears down, so your bones rub against each other. Occasionally, the PCL can be damaged by twisting your knee or missing a step when walking. It is less likely than the ACL to be damaged, however, it can become damaged if your knee is hit by a blunt object (eg during a car accident). It helps stabilise your knee so you can move it smoothly. The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is a ligament that runs along the back of your knee and connects your thigh bone to your shinbone. ![]() Posterior cruciate ligament injury (knee sprain) You may find it difficult to bend your knee and/or walk. You may hear a popping noise on injury followed by immediate pain and swelling. You can also damage your ACL if you land badly after a jump or your knee is hit by a blunt object. It helps stabilise your knee so you can move it smoothly.ĪCL injuries are common when playing sports where you suddenly slow down, stop or change direction when running (eg football). The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is a ligament that runs along the front of your knee and connects your thigh bone to your shinbone. However, over the next few days, knee pain will develop, as well as stiffness, swelling, weakness and/or locking or giving way of your knee. You may hear a popping noise when it tears but have no immediate pain. With age, this cartilage weakens and can more easily tear with any twisting motion during everyday activities. If you play sports that involve squatting or twisting your knee, you may tear this cartilage. Each of your knees has two menisci, one on each side. The meniscus cartilage sits in your knee joint and acts as a cushion to stabilise it. Symptoms include bruising, pain and swelling in your calf, and difficulty standing on your tiptoes. If you take part in sports where you suddenly have to go from standing to running (eg during tennis or squash), the gastrocnemius muscle can tear or become strained. They help you bend your knee and point your toes. Your calf muscles include the gastrocnemius muscle and the soleus muscle in the back of your lower leg. Symptoms include sudden pain and swelling, bruising and weakness in your leg. Symptoms often worsen on activity and if the cyst bursts, you will feel a sudden, sharp pain. In addition to posterior knee pain, symptoms include swelling, stiffness and difficulty bending or straightening your leg. However, the hamstrings can also be torn, which can take several months to heal.Ī Baker’s cyst is a fluid-filled sac that sits behind your knee that can develop if you have arthritis or sustain a knee injury, which causes your knee joint to become swollen and inflamed. Hamstring injuries most often occur when playing sports, usually when the hamstring is overstretched (strained or pulled hamstring). Your hamstrings are three muscles that run along the back of your thigh and help you bend your knee. The tendon develops tiny tears that cause swelling stiffness, weakness and difficulty bending and straightening your knee.īiceps femoris tendonitis (hamstring injury) This is also known as patellar tendonitis and occurs when a tendon in your knee is injured, often while playing sport. Toxins in your blood eg lead or mercury.Leg cramps are most common during exercise and pregnancy. After the spasm, your muscles may feel sore for several hours. Symptoms include a sudden muscle spasm, with pain lasting from several seconds up to 10 minutes. Leg cramps occur when your leg muscles tighten up. There are many different causes of posterior knee pain, including injury, inflammation or infection of the knee joint, overuse, wear and tear with age, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, cysts or in very rare cases, cancer. |
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